{"id":1382,"date":"2020-03-22T15:34:35","date_gmt":"2020-03-22T15:34:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/?post_type=knowledgebase&#038;p=1382"},"modified":"2020-03-26T10:46:27","modified_gmt":"2020-03-26T10:46:27","slug":"ibdp-past-year-exam-papers-maclauren-series","status":"publish","type":"knowledgebase","link":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/ibdp-math-hl-2\/maclaurin-series\/ibdp-past-year-exam-papers-maclauren-series\/","title":{"rendered":"IBDP Past Year Exam Papers &#8211; Maclauren Series"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>1. [M17\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Let the Maclaurin series for \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>tan<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n be\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>tan<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msub><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msub><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><\/math>\r\n where\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>,<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msub><mo>&#160;<\/mo><\/math>\r\n and\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msub><\/math>\r\n are constants.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(a)<\/strong> Find series for\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>s<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><msup><mi>c<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n , in terms of\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>,<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msub><\/math>\r\n and\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msub><\/math>\r\n , up to and including the\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>4<\/mn><\/msup><\/math>\r\n term<\/p>\r\n<p>(i) by differentiating the above series for\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>tan<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n ;<br \/>\r\n(ii) by using the relationship\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>s<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><msup><mi>c<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mn>2<\/mn><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msup><mi>tan<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0[3 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(b)<\/strong> Hence, by comparing your two series, determine the values of\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>,<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msub><\/math>\r\n and\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msub><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0[3 marks]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link1-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link1', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link1-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link1-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1384\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-13.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-13-300x139.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-13-768x356.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>2. [N16\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(a)<\/strong> By successive differentiation find the first four non-zero terms in the Maclaurin series for \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>=<\/mo><mfenced><mrow><mi>x<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfenced><mi>ln<\/mi><mfenced><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>+<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfenced><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n . [11 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(b)<\/strong> Deduce that, for n \u2265 2 , the coefficient of\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msup><\/math>\r\n in this series is\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mfenced><mrow><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfenced><mi>n<\/mi><\/msup><mfrac><mn>1<\/mn><mrow><mi>n<\/mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>n<\/mi><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfenced><\/mrow><\/mfrac><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0[1 mark]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link2-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link2', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link2-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link2-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1389\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"997\" height=\"821\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-14.jpg 997w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-14-300x247.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1-14-768x632.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 997px) 100vw, 997px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>3. [M16]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Consider the functions\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>=<\/mo><mi>s<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><msup><mi>c<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msup><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>,<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mfenced open=\"|\" close=\"|\"><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>&#60;<\/mo><mfrac><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&#960;<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/math>\r\n and\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>g<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mi>tan<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n .<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(a)<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Show that<\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(i)\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mfrac><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/mrow><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mi>n<\/mi><msub><mi>g<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>;<\/mo><\/math>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (ii)\u00a0\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mfrac><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><msub><mi>g<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/mrow><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mfenced><mrow><mi>n<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfenced><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mi>n<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mn>2<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mi>n<\/mi><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0 [5 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(b)<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(i)\u00a0 \u00a0Use these results to show that the Maclauren series for the function\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/math>\r\n up to and including the term in\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>4<\/mn><\/msup><\/math>\r\n is\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mn>1<\/mn><mo>+<\/mo><mfrac><mn>5<\/mn><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mo>+<\/mo><mfrac><mn>85<\/mn><mn>24<\/mn><\/mfrac><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>4<\/mn><\/msup><\/math>\r\n .<\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (ii)\u00a0 \u00a0By considering the general form of its higher derivatives explain briefly why all coefficients in the Maclauren series for the function \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msub><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/math>\r\n are either positive or zero.<\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(iii)\u00a0 \u00a0Hence show that\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>s<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><msup><mi>c<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msup><mfenced><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mo>.<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfenced><mo>&#62;<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo>.<\/mo><mn>02535<\/mn><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0 [14 marks]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link3-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link3', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link3-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link3-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1427\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1002\" height=\"1474\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3-8.jpg 1002w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3-8-204x300.jpg 204w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3-8-696x1024.jpg 696w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3-8-768x1130.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1002px) 100vw, 1002px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>4. [N15\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Let\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>=<\/mo><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/msup><mi>sin<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n .<\/p>\r\n<p>(a) Show that\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><mo>&#8216;<\/mo><mo>&#8216;<\/mo><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>=<\/mo><mn>2<\/mn><mfenced><mrow><mi>f<\/mi><mo>&#8216;<\/mo><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/mrow><\/mfenced><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0[4 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p>(b) By further differentiation of the result in part (a) , find the Maclaurin expansion of\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/math>\r\n \u00a0, as far as the term in\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msup><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 [6 marks]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link4-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link4', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link4-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link4-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1429\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/4-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"996\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/4-8.jpg 996w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/4-8-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/4-8-768x443.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>5. [M15\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>The function \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><\/math>\r\n is defined by \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>=<\/mo><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mrow><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msup><mi>cos<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/math>\r\n .<\/p>\r\n<p>By finding a suitable number of derivatives of\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><\/math>\r\n , determine the first non-zero term in its Maclaurin series.\u00a0 \u00a0[7 marks]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link5-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link5-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link5', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link5-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link5-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link5-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1431\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/5-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"994\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/5-7.jpg 994w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/5-7-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/5-7-768x291.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 994px) 100vw, 994px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>6. [M09\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>The variables \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n and\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>y<\/mi><\/math>\r\n are related by\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mfrac><mrow><mo>d<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mo>d<\/mo><mi>y<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>y<\/mi><mi>tan<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi>cos<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n .<br \/>\r\n(a) Find the Maclaurin series for\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>y<\/mi><\/math>\r\n up to and including the term in \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><\/math>\r\n given that when\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>x<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><\/math>\r\n . [7 marks]<br \/>\r\n(b) Solve the differential equation given that\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>y<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><\/math>\r\n when\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>x<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&#960;<\/mi><\/math>\r\n . Give the solution in the form\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>y<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/math>\r\n . [10 marks]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link6-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link6-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link6', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link6-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link6-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link6-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1434\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/6-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"938\" height=\"916\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/6-10.jpg 938w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/6-10-300x293.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/6-10-768x750.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 938px) 100vw, 938px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>7. [N09\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>The function\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><\/math>\r\n is defined by\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>=<\/mo><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mfenced><mrow><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/msup><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfenced><\/msup><\/math>\r\n .<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(a)<\/strong> Assuming the Maclaurin series for\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mi>x<\/mi><\/msup><\/math>\r\n , show that the Maclaurin series for\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><\/math>\r\n is\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mn>1<\/mn><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mfrac><mn>5<\/mn><mn>6<\/mn><\/mfrac><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>.<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><\/math>\r\n [5 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>(b)<\/strong> Hence or otherwise find the value of\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><munder><mrow><mi>l<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#8594;<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><\/mrow><\/munder><mfrac><mrow><mi>f<\/mi><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><mrow><mi>f<\/mi><mo>&#8216;<\/mo><mfenced><mi>x<\/mi><\/mfenced><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfrac><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 [5 marks]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link7-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link7-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link7', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link7-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link7-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link7-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1452\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/7-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"941\" height=\"1022\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/7-7.jpg 941w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/7-7-276x300.jpg 276w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/7-7-768x834.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 941px) 100vw, 941px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>8. [M10\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>(a) Using the Maclaurin series for\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mfenced><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>+<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfenced><mi>n<\/mi><\/msup><\/math>\r\n , write down and simplify the Maclaurin series approximation for \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mfenced><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><\/mrow><\/mfenced><mfrac><mn>1<\/mn><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/msup><\/math>\r\n as far as the term in\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>4<\/mn><\/msup><\/math>\r\n . [3 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p>(b) Use your result to show that a series approximation for arccos\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n is arccos\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#8776;<\/mo><mfrac><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&#960;<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mfrac><mn>1<\/mn><mn>6<\/mn><\/mfrac><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msup><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mfrac><mn>3<\/mn><mn>40<\/mn><\/mfrac><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>5<\/mn><\/msup><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0 [3 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p>(c) Evaluate\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><munder><mrow><mi>l<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi>x<\/mi><mo>&#8594;<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><\/mrow><\/munder><mfrac><mrow><mstyle displaystyle=\"true\"><mfrac><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&#960;<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/mstyle><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mi>a<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><mi>cos<\/mi><mfenced><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><\/mfenced><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><\/mrow><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>6<\/mn><\/msup><\/mfrac><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0[5 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p>(d) Use the series approximation for arccos\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n to find an approximate value for\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msubsup><mo>&#8747;<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mo>.<\/mo><mn>2<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msubsup><mi>a<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><mi>cos<\/mi><mfenced><msqrt><mi>x<\/mi><\/msqrt><\/mfenced><mo>d<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n ,\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p>giving your answer to 5 decimal places. Does your answer give the actual value of the integral to 5 decimal places?\u00a0 \u00a0 [6 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link8-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link8-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link8', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link8-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link8-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link8-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1464\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/8-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"936\" height=\"1811\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/8-9.jpg 936w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/8-9-155x300.jpg 155w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/8-9-529x1024.jpg 529w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/8-9-768x1486.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/8-9-794x1536.jpg 794w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 936px) 100vw, 936px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<p><strong>9. [N10\/P3\/TZ0]<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>(a) Using the Maclaurin series for the function ex , write down the first four terms of the Maclaurin series for\u00a0\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mrow><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mfrac><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/mrow><\/msup><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0[3 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p>(b) Hence find the first four terms of the series for\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><msubsup><mo>&#8747;<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mi>x<\/mi><\/msubsup><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mrow><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mfrac><msup><mi>u<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/mrow><\/msup><mo>d<\/mo><mi>u<\/mi><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 [3 marks]<\/p>\r\n<p>(c) Use the result from part (b) to find an approximate value for\u00a0\u00a0 \r\n<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mfrac><mn>1<\/mn><msqrt><mn>2<\/mn><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&#960;<\/mi><\/msqrt><\/mfrac><msubsup><mo>&#8747;<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mn>1<\/mn><\/msubsup><msup><mi>e<\/mi><mrow><mo>&#8211;<\/mo><mo>&#160;<\/mo><mfrac><msup><mi>x<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/mrow><\/msup><mo>d<\/mo><mi>x<\/mi><\/math>\r\n .\u00a0 \u00a0 [3 marks]<\/p>\r\n<div id=\"link9-link-1382\" class=\"sh-link link9-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('link9', 1382, 'Solution', 'Hide Solution'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"link9-toggle-1382\">Solution<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"link9-content-1382\" class=\"sh-content link9-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1471\" src=\"http:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/9-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"787\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/9-10.jpg 940w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/9-10-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/9-10-768x643.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00a0<\/div><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"1. [M17\/P3\/TZ0] Let the Maclaurin series for tan&#160;x be\u00a0 tan&#160;x=&#160;a1x&#160;+&#160;a3x3&#160;+&#160;a5x5&#160;+&#160;&#8230;&#8230; where\u00a0 a1&#160;,&#160;a3&#160; and\u00a0 a5 are constants. (a) Find series for\u00a0 sec2&#160;x , in terms of\u00a0 a1&#160;,&#160;a3 and\u00a0 a5 , up to and including the\u00a0 x4 term (i) by differentiating the above series for\u00a0 tan&#160;x ; (ii) by using the relationship\u00a0 sec2&#160;x=&#160;2&#160;+&#160;tan2&#160;x .\u00a0 \u00a0[3 marks] (b) [&hellip;]<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt -->","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-1382","knowledgebase","type-knowledgebase","status-publish","hentry","knowledgebase_cat-maclaurin-series","no-wpautop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledgebase\/1382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledgebase"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledgebase"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1382"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledgebase\/1382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1472,"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledgebase\/1382\/revisions\/1472"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibalmaths.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}